Investigating the types of fodder suitable for silage
javid keshtleyzeri Co.ltd
fodder corn
Fodder corn is one of the best feeds for livestock. Due to the presence of enough sugars and other nutrients and its suitable appearance, fodder corn is a very good plant for silage, and for this reason, its cultivated area in different countries of the world has expanded greatly. has been found
Forage corn silage is a palatable feed for livestock. If some protein supplements and mineral salts are added to it, it is a suitable feed for ruminants. In order to increase the amount of corn silage protein, it can be enriched by using cheap nitrogen substances such as urea and ammonium compounds.
Compounds that have calcareous materials such as calcium carbonate and ammonium phosphate can be used to compensate for calcium and phosphorus in the prepared feed. The energy production of corn silage for milk production is about 30% higher than that of dry alfalfa.
Corn silage is about 1.5 times more efficient than dry alfalfa in terms of energy production for animal fattening. Of course, its raw protein is lower than dry alfalfa, which can be compensated by adding protein supplements.
Sorghum or corn on the cob
- Sorghum is a valuable forage plant that produces a lot of foliage that has a lot of sugar content. Sorghum is perhaps the best silage forage in tropical regions. In regions with a moderate or cold climate, varieties of this plant are produced that produce good and abundant fodder.
If this fodder is harvested when the seeds are pulpy, it has about 20-30% dry matter.
- The yield of this fodder per hectare can be the same as fodder corn, while its water requirement is less than corn.
- If sorghum or fodder corn is harvested at the right time, the nutritional value of their silage fodder will be the same.
- Among the plants that can be silage, barley, millet triticale, Sudan grass, wheat, alfalfa and all kinds of clover can be mentioned. Also, the waste and remains of all kinds of fruits and vegetable and summer products can be silaged well in the right conditions.
How is silage fodder produced?
• first stage
After ensiling the forage, some air remains between the empty spaces of the forage mass. In the first stage, the sugar substances that are present in the vicinity of this remaining air, begin to metabolise until the available oxygen is consumed and exhausted.
When making silage, it is necessary to make sure that the mass of fodder is compressed in the best way and as far as possible, there is no air between the fodder spaces.
• second stage
A few hours after ensiling, fermentation begins in an air-free environment. At this stage, the beneficial bacteria that cause the action and fermentation of silage fodder (i.e. lactic bacteria) are multiplied and their number increases rapidly.
The increase of these beneficial bacteria causes harmful organisms such as yeasts, fungi and destructive bacteria to disappear. By fermenting sugary substances, these useful organisms produce useful acids, which make the silage environment sour. The acidity or non-acidity of the silage environment is called (P.Hash) in scientific terms.
The fermentation stage continues until the stability or the stabilization of the chemical activities of the silage. If the air in the silage mass is not well removed, or if the moisture content of the silage is too high, or if the sugar content of the forage is low, the souring is done slowly.
If such conditions occur in the silage, a group of harmful bacteria are activated and by metabolizing the remaining sugary substances, other substances are produced that cause the spoilage of the silage fodder. If this situation continues, the fodder protein will gradually disappear and the nutritional value of the material will decrease and the silage mass will spoil.
Therefore, it is very important to observe the correct method of silage in maintaining the nutritional quality of fodder. The speed of fermentation of materials in the silo is very important. It should be noted that the amount of suitable acidification of silage (p-Hash) is between 3.5 and 4.5.
If the air in the mass of silage is not well removed, the sugars of the plant will combine with the oxygen in the air, and at the end of the water, carbon dioxide and energy will be released in the form of heat, and the silage will gradually heat up. In these conditions, the environment is provided for the growth and proliferation of fungi, mold and living organisms that work in the air, which as a result, they start to spoil the food of the fodder mass.
Certainly, by using advanced fodder and silage packaging machines of quality fodder, you can have a significant impact on the processing of livestock products, by clicking on the image and the link below, you can learn about the types of fodder silage machines:
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